edge studs (Q808)

Raised fittings attached to the head-, fore- and, most often, tail-edge of a board to protect the edges of the binding or give a vertical orientation to a binding with an uneven tail edge (e.g. Greek-style binding) on a sloping lectern shelf. Such studs were usually made of a copper alloy and were made in a variety of shapes, sometimes combined with shoes or corners. Also known as 'heels' (Szirmai, p.264).